TESTING APPARATUS FOR SITE SOIL LABORATORY BASICS AND TUTORIALS

TESTING APPARATUS FOR SITE SOIL LABORATORY BASIC INFORMATION
What Are The Testing Apparatus For Site Soil Laboratories?

The usual apparatus suitable for a small soils laboratory on site, to be run by the resident engineer’s staff after proper instruction from a geotechnical engineer, is set out below.

For moisture content determinations
1. Beam balance weighing by 0.01 g divisions.
2. Drying oven, thermostatically controlled. (Not absolutely essential. For rough measurement of moisture content the sample can be dried on a flat tray over a stove.)
3. Six drying trays.

For grading analyses of soils
4. Aset of BS sieves (woven wire) with lid and pan for each different diameter: (a) 300 mm dia – 38, 25, 19, 13, 10 mm. (These can also be used for testing concrete aggregate gradings.) (b) 200 mm dia – 7, 5 and 3 mm, and Nos. 7, 14, 25, 52, 72, 100 and 200.
5. Balance weighing up to 25 kg.
6. Balance capable of weighing up to 7 kg by 1 g divisions.

For in situ density test (sand replacement method)
BS 1377 Part 9:1990 gives four tests of which Test 2.2 is the most useful because it can be used on fine, medium and coarse grained soils. A metal tray with a 200 mm diameter hole cut in it is placed on the formation and material is excavated via the hole.

The volume of the excavation is measured by pouring uniformly graded sand into it whose bulk density has been measured.

Apparatus required (additional to 1, 2, 3 and 6 above):
7. Small tools for excavating hole.
8. A rigid metal tray 500 mm square or larger with a 200 mm diameter hole cut in it.
9. Dried clean sand all passing No. 25 sieve but retained on No. 52 or 100 sieve and suitable airtight containers for storing it. (About 20 kg of this sand will be required initially.)
10. A pouring cylinder (as BS 1377 Part 9 Fig. 4).
11. Acalibrating container 200 mm diameter by 250 mm (as BS 1377 Part 9 Fig. 5).
12. Air-tight containers for the excavated soil.

The method can be applied to larger test holes in soils containing some gravel; the sand being poured in layers from a can with a top spout. A length of hose is attached to the spout with a conical tin shield wired to the lower end, so the sand has only a short standard free fall. Tests to fill measured containers can show the accuracy in ascertaining the bulk density of the sand as poured.

BEST CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING SCHOOL/ UNIVERSITIES IN THE WORLD IN 2011

CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING SCHOOL/ UNIVERSITIES BEST IN THE WORLD
QS World University Ranking Best Civil and Structural Engineering School In The World For 2011

MIT tops the first ever QS World University Ranking® for Civil and Structural Engineering, which also sees a top-five performance from Imperial College London and two Asian universities in the top ten.

A diverse top 20 features nine universities from the US, three from the UK, two from Singapore, and one apiece from Japan, Switzerland, Australia, the Netherlands, China and Canada.

Below is the Top 20 Universities in the World for Civil and Structural Engineering:

1. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) United States
2. Stanford University United States
3. University of Cambridge United Kingdom
4. University of California, Berkeley (UCB) United States
5. Imperial College London United Kingdom
6. University of Oxford United Kingdom
7. National University of Singapore (NUS) Singapore
8. The University of Tokyo Japan
9. California Institute of Technology (Caltech) United States
10. ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Switzerland
11. The University of Melbourne Australia
12. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States
13. Delft University of Technology Netherlands
14. University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) United States
15. University of Texas at Austin United States
16. Cornell University United States
17. Tsinghua University China
18. Nanyang Technological University (NTU) Singapore
19. University of Michigan United States
20. University of Toronto Canada

Metrics for the selection are its contribution to the Academe, Rate of Employment, and its Citations received.
For the Complete List, read this site.