Scrapers ~ these machines consist of a
scraper bowl which is lowered to cut and collect soil where site
stripping and levelling operations are required involving large
volume of earth.
When the scraper bowl is full the apron
at the cutting edge is closed to retain the earth and the bowl is
raised for travelling to the disposal area. On arrival the bowl is
lowered, the apron opened and the spoil pushed out by the tailgate as
the machine moves forwards.
Scrapers are available in three basic
formats:
1. Towed Scrapers † these consist of
a four wheeled scraper bowl which is towed behind a power unit such
as a crawler tractor. They tend to be slower than other forms of
scraper but are useful for small capacities with haul distances up to
300.
2. Two Axle Scrapers † these have a
two wheeled scraper bowl with an attached two wheeled power unit.
They are very manoeuvrable with a low rolling resistance and very
good traction.
3. Three Axle Scrapers † these
consist of a two wheeled scraper bowl which may have a rear engine to
assist the four wheeled traction engine which makes up the
complement.
Generally these machines have a greater
capacity potential than their counterparts, are easier to control and
have a faster cycle time.
To obtain maximum efficiency scrapers
should operate downhill if possible, have smooth haul roads, hard
surfaces broken up before scraping and be assisted over the last few
metres by a pushing vehicle such as a bulldozer.
Typical Scraper Details
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